Finding the Path Forward for Rail Expansion

At APTA’s 2026 Rail Conference, industry executives shared experiences and lessons from high-profile rail projects in a General Session on “Finding the Path Forward for Rail Expansion,” sponsored by Jacobs. The discussion centered on cost drivers, project delivery methods, managing and owning risk, and the importance of strong partnerships and clear communication.

Moderator Jessica Mefford-Miller, chief executive officer of Valley Metro, spoke about the drivers of increasing costs for the agency’s various projects, including its popular South Central Extension. Top factors include variables around soil condition, construction labor, contracting structure, materials, and even archeological discovery in the Phoenix, AZ, area.

Panelist Holly Arnold is administrator of conference host agency Maryland Transit Administration, which leads the state’s highly anticipated Purple Line. Utility relocation was a huge effort, making up the bulk of the project upon breaking ground in 2017. Supply chain issues during COVID were an unforeseeable cost driver, as was the need to bring on a new design-build contractor. When it comes to containing costs, Arnold stressed the importance of having a strong partner relationship and commitment. When communicating with the public, she says, deliver on projects and show momentum.

Gregory Canally, CEO of Austin Transit Partnership, spoke about the city’s first light rail project, which will be a driver for economic development, jobs, and housing. He calls the project delivery strategy “deliberate and purposeful,” informed by engaging with peers, seeking feedback, and thinking about different approaches. He stressed the need to keep the public informed about where you are in a project and to be genuine about challenges.

Carolyn Gonot, CEO/general manager of the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority, discussed phase 2 of the BART Extension and the unknowns and variables around rail expansion. While there is unavoidable risk, showing progress is key. Similarly, Ian Choudri, CEO of the California High-Speed Rail Authority, discussed risk and communication. As the largest rail project in the world right now, he wants to set an example for the U.S. When it comes to cost overruns, many of which are out of an agency’s control, he says to communicate the evolution of a project and to do so at the right time.

The conversation continued in a workshop on rail cost containment strategies.

View more images from the Rail Conference.